Russell Howard Tuttle (born August 18, 1939) is a distinguished primate morphologist, paleoanthropologist, and a four-field (linguistics, archaeology, sociocultural anthropology and biological anthropology) trained Anthropologist. He is currently an active Professor of Anthropology, Evolutionary Biology, History of Science and Medicine at the University of Chicago. Tuttle was enlisted by Mary Leakey to analyze the 3.4-million-year-old footprints she discovered in Laetoli, Tanzania. He determined that the creatures that left these prints walked bipedally in a fashion almost identical to human beings. He currently lives in Chicago, Illinois.

Tuttle was named Guggenheim Fellow in 1985 and a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in 2003.